Birds of the Upland Native Forest
‘Io: Flying: NPS Photo/J Wei, https://www.nps.gov/havo/ learn/nature/io.htm
Perching: NPSPhoto/JackJeffery,https://www.nps.gov/im/ pacn/havo-native-birds.htm
Pueo: Flying: Edward Balwin Photo, https://www. mauimagazine.net/hawaiian-owl/
Perching: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Hakalau_Forest/ wildlife_and_habitat/pueo.htmli
Nēnē: Flying: Alan Schmierer Photo, https://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nene_(8-30-2017)_hakalau_ forest_national_wildlife_refuge,_hawaii_co,_hawaii_-07_ (37409827961).jpg
On Ground: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Other forest birds
‘Alalā: https://birdfocus.tumblr.com/post/116232438771/ hawaiian-crow-alala-source-originally-endemic
‘Amakihi: Adult male. Ann Tanimoto-Johnson https:// www.hawaiipublicradio.org/post/manu-minute-amakihi- forager#stream/0
‘Elepaio: https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Hakalau_Forest/ wildlife_and_habitat/elepaio.html
‘Apapane: Mark Kimura Photo, https://www.nps.gov/hale/ learn/nature/native-hawaiian-forest-birds.htm
Palila: Jack Jeffrey Photo, https://www.usgs.gov/media/ images/palila
Kiwikiu: Nathan Eagle/Civil Beat, https://www.civilbeat. org/2019/11/fighting-to-save-this-rare-maui-forest-bird-from- extinction/
‘I‘iwi: Robby Kohley Photo, https://www.usgs.gov/media/ images/iiwi-mamane
Maui ‘Alauahio: https://mauiforestbirds.org/maui-alauahio/ ‘Akepa: https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/akepa-0
Canoe Plants
‘Awa: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
‘Awa Detail: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Kalo: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Kalo Detail: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Kī: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr
Kī Detail: https://www.foodland.com/recipe/ultimate-laulau
Ko: UniversityofHawai‘iMānoa,CollegeofTropicalAgriculture and Human Resources Photo
Ko Detail: University of Hawai‘i Mānoa, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Photo
‘Uala: J. B. Friday Photo
‘Uala Details: G.K. Linney Photo, www.botany.hawaii.edu/fac- ulty/carr/images/ipo_bat.jpg / tubers, Heidi Bornhorst Photo, https://www.staradvertiser.com/2010/11/15/features/the- urban-gardener/sweet-potatoes-grow-easily-and-in-drier-areas/
Native Plants
‘Ae‘ae: J. B. Friday Photo
‘Ae‘ae Detail: Star Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Alahe‘e: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo Alahe‘e Details: J. B. Friday Photos
Māmaki: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo Māmaki Detail: G.D. Carr Photo, botany.hawaii.edu.faculty Koai‘a: J. B. Friday Photo
Koai‘a Detail: Dave Eickhof Photo, Wikipedia Commons ‘Ōhi‘a Lehua: J. B. Friday Photo
‘Ōhi‘a Lehua: J. B. Friday Photo
‘Ōhi‘a Lehua Detail: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Plants as Habitat
Naio: J. B. Friday Photo
Naio Detail: JB. Friday Photo.
‘Ōhelo: J. B. Friday Photo
‘Ōhelo Detail: J. B. Friday Photo
Pili Grass: Travis Idol Photo
Pili Grass Detail: J.B. Friday Photo
‘A‘ali‘i: J. B. Friday PHoto
‘A‘ali‘i Detail: J.B. Friday Photo
Hō‘awa: J. B. Friday Photo
Hō‘awa Detail: J.B. Friday Photo
Koa: J. B. Friday Photo
Koa Detail: J.K. Obata Photo, http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/ faculty/carr/images/aca_koa_826.jpg
Loulu: J. B. Friday Photo
Loulu Detail: J. B. Friday Photo
Pūkiawe: J. B. Friday Photo
Pūkiawe Detail: Starr Environmental, Forest & Kim Starr Photo
Acknowledgment: Special thanks to photographers and concerned organizations who make their fine images available on the internet.